Foamed concrete is a multi-functional building material developed in the 1920s. It gained popularity in the 1980s when large-scale trials in the UK showcased its potential in construction projects. Containing 40% to 80% air, foamed concrete flows easily into irregular spaces without compaction, making it ideal for modern and sustainable constructions.
History and Key Features of Foamed Concrete
Foamed concrete is not a new invention. The first patent for this material was documented in the 1920s. In 1987, a large-scale trial in the UK successfully demonstrated its potential for road trench reinstatement, leading to its widespread adoption in various projects.
Properties and Composition
Foamed concrete consists of 40% to 80% air, with bubble sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm. It does not require compaction and can easily flow through pipes to fill uneven voids and reach distant or elevated positions.
Compressive Strength and Density
The compressive strength of foamed concrete after 28 days ranges from 1 to 10 N/mm², while its dry density varies from 400 to 1600 kg/m³, depending on the mix. The most common compressive strength used is 4 N/mm², with a plastic density of 150 to 200 kg/m³ higher than its dry density.
Main Components
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as per BS 12:1996 is the primary binder, often combined with fly ash or fine sand. Waste materials like granite dust can also be used to optimize costs.
Practical Applications of Foamed Concrete
Over the past decade, foamed concrete has proven its efficiency through various applications in the UK and other countries:
• Void Filling: Ideal for filling basements, wells, or tanks due to its flexibility and ability to fill uneven spaces.
• Road Trench Reinstatement: Its load distribution capabilities and lack of compaction requirements make it a cost-effective solution.
• Soil Stabilization: Effective for stabilizing slopes and pre-cast projects, minimizing settlement risks.
• Thermal and Acoustic Insulation: Its bubble structure offers excellent insulation, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.
• Applications in Roofs and Walls: Used for insulation and waterproofing, foamed concrete helps reduce structural load.
Benefits of Using Foamed Concrete
• Fast Installation: No need for complex compaction equipment, making it easy to pump directly into projects, saving time and labor costs.
• Superior Insulation: Provides both thermal and sound insulation, enhancing the quality of living spaces.
• Cost Efficiency: Lightweight and insulating properties reduce material and energy costs.
• High Flexibility: Suitable for various types of projects, from residential to industrial.
Conclusion
Foamed concrete is more than just a building material; it is a solution that enhances the quality and efficiency of construction projects. With its insulation, soundproofing, waterproofing, and flexible application features, foamed concrete offers sustainable value for modern buildings. Investing in foamed concrete is an investment in the future of construction and environmental sustainability.